Urinary tract infection

• Cystitis (women) — no culture needed if uncomplicated: Nitrofurantoin, Fosfomycin, Cotrimoxazole DS (alternative), Phenazopyridine (burning, 2 d only)
• Men: Nitrofurantoin
• Children: Cefixime
• Pregnancy — screen with urine culture at the first visit: Cephalexin
• Pyelonephritis / complicated UTI: Ceftriaxone

First visit

• Urine routine (dipstick: leucocyte esterase and nitrite) — Supports the diagnosis.
• No culture in uncomplicated cystitis — Young non-pregnant women with typical symptoms.

Only if indicated

• Urine culture and sensitivity — Men, pregnancy, children, recurrent UTI, fever or flank pain, treatment failure.
• CBC, creatinine, blood culture — Pyelonephritis or sepsis.
• USG KUB — Pyelonephritis, men, recurrent UTI, child with a first febrile UTI.
• Blood glucose — Recurrent or complicated UTI.